Renders aren't a cheaper photo shoot. They're a different tool, and they win or lose by product type.
Renders usually win for furniture and homeware sold in many fabrics or finishes, electronics and appliances, cosmetics and fragrance packaging, and made-to-order jewellery where every metal and stone combination would otherwise need its own sample. Hard surfaces, controlled reflections and long variant lists play to 3D's strengths. So do products that aren't manufactured yet.
Photography usually wins for apparel, knitwear and anything where drape and texture sell, and for food, plants and handmade goods where small imperfections are the point. Convincing fabric in 3D is possible but slow and expensive, and shoppers are quick to distrust it.
Mixing both is common. Photograph the hero colourway and render the rest to match it, or render clean packshots and photograph the product in use.
What to supply for accurate renders:
- CAD or existing 3D files (STEP, OBJ or FBX), or clear photos from every side if none exist
- Exact dimensions, plus a physical sample where possible
- Material references: finish (matte, satin, gloss), texture samples, fabric swatches
- Pantone or manufacturer colour codes for every variant
- Print-ready label and logo artwork, not screenshots
Every gap the artist fills by guessing becomes a revision round you pay for.